Finance, poverty-income inequality, energy consumption and the CO₂ emissions nexus in Africa

Purpose This study provides the critical masses (thresholds) at which positive incidence of finance and economic growth will be dampened by negative effects income inequality poverty on energy consumption in Sub-Saharan Africa for policy direction. Design/methodology/approach The employed two steps systems GMM estimator 41 countries from 2005–2020. Findings found that to maintain a effect per capita, thresholds indicators (Atkinson coefficient, Gini index Palma ratio) should not exceed 0.681, 0.582 5.991, respectively. Similarly, (GDP capita growth) 0.669, 0.568 6.110, On level Africa, reports headcount ratios (hc$144ppp2011, hc$186ppp2011 hc$250ppp2005) 7.342, 28.278 129.332, respectively financial development capita. also confirms nexus between access (financial development) with attending adverse CO 2 emissions inescapable. findings this make it evidently clear, recommendation is micro-foundation growth, alleviation. However, maximum threshold as indicated must maintained attain full ramifications Africa. Originality/value originality computation net through conditional unconditional finance.